(Figure 2.1-1)
Figure 2.1-1 Proactive policy of approach on Green University
Kasetsart University has a policy on improvement of overall electrical appliances in the university. More than 85 percent of the total electrical equipment in the campus were replaced such as LED light bulbs instead of fluorescent and used energy-saving labels number 5 electrical appliances. (Table 2.1-1)
Table 2.1-1 Consumption of efficient energy saving equipment.
Remark:
- Energy-saving labels number 5 air conditioner with efficiency rating (EER) of 11.6 or above, according to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
- Refrigerant used in central air conditioners must be environmentally friendly.
- Effective fluorescent lamp are T5/ LED lamp.
- Effective street lights are LED light bulbs
- Changing of LED and T5 light bulbs at many offices in the campus (Figure 2.1-2)
Changing of LED and T5 light bulbs
Automatic dim light control equipment
Automatic optical sensor equipment
T5 light bulb
Automatic timer optical sensor
Changing of LED and T5 light bulbs
LED light bulbs Electronic ballasts
Automatic movement sensor set to turn on the light when in use.
Energy consumption monitor Energy measurement system
Figure 2.1-2 Changing of LED and T5 light bulbs
The Faculty of Science has been supported the 3,983 LED Tubes (18 watt/size 120 cm.), from the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency under the Energy Conservation Project in the government sector, fiscal year 2017, which was distributed throughout the faculty of science, with good efficiency and energy saving.
The new Science Laboratory Building is under construction. There are changes to the LED light bulbs as well to save energy and follow the university policy.
Figure 2.1-3 (Cont.) Switching to the LEDs of the Faculty of Science
Energy-saving labels number 5 air conditioner with Invertor system can save 20-30 % of electrical power. (Figure 2.1-4)
Energy-saving labels number 5 air conditioner
Temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide measuring system
Air ventilation system to control carbon dioxide and increase Good air circulation / ventilation
Figure 2.1-4 Energy-saving labels number 5 air conditioner with invertor system can save 20-30 % of electrical power.
- Changing of LED street lights
Kasetsart University conducted a project on changing of LED street lights. It is brighter and saved 50 – 70 % of electrical consumption. (Figure. 2.1-5)
Figure. 2.1-5 Changing of LED street lights
Kasetsart University renovated buildings into ‘Smart Building’ by using Building Automation System (BAS). The BAS will automatically control air conditioning, lighting, fire control, access control, security and elevator control system. There are currently 31 units of users in the building, totaling 855,640 square meters. (Figure 2.2-1-7)
Figure 2.2-1 Building Automation System (BAS)
Debaratana Vidhayachote Building
Automatic dim light control equipment
.
Energy consumption monitor
Figure 2.3-2 Light, temperature, humidity automatic control system
.
The Building Commemorating the 4th Cycle Birthday Anniversary of HRH Princess Chulabhorn
.
Eco Building, Faculty of Economics
The automatic fire alarm system Automatic control box.
Figure 2.2-3 Fire alarm automatic control system
On-off switching automatic censor system
Automatic door system
Figure 2.2-4 On-off switching censor and automatic door system
.
Office of Computer Services, Kasetsart University
.
Finger print scanning access system
Staff have to pass the finger print for scanning access system before enter to the Data Center at the Office of Computer Services, KU.
Figure 2.2-5 Finger print scanning access system with identification card
Setting of online CCTV system, it can be monitor anytime, anywhere via internet.
Figure 2.2-6 Online CCTV system
Gas extinguisher for automatic fire protection
Automatic fire engine system runs by gasoline in case when electrical power is disruptive or cut off.
Figure 2.2-7 Automatic fire engine system runs by gasoline/diesel.
Table 2.2-1 Smart building list
Table 2.2-1 (Cont.)Smart building list
There are 5 kinds of renewable energy that Kasetsart University set a policy for consumption namely: bio diesel, clean biomass, solar power, wind power and combination heat and power (biogas). The usage of renewable energy is 118, 103 kilowatt in 2017.
1. Setting of 9 kilowatts solar cell panels for electrical consumption in the University
Solar Cell Panels 9 Kilowatts.
ON GRID system
The University provided an electrical production from solar cell set for demonstration.
Figure 2.3-1 Solar Power
Using of solar power for water pump.
Solar energy recycle training station Solar energy fills oxygen in water.
Figure 2.3-1(Cont.) Solar Power
Kasetsart University is keeping update and improves the landscape along the Rapee Sakrik Building. The university choose to provide the pathways ‘light with solar power for energy saving.
Pictures of solar cell lamps along the Rapee Sakrik Building.
Figure 2.3-1(Conts.) Solar Power
2. Biodiesel production station
Sustainable development and sustainable growth
Kasetsart University produced biodiesel by BTC-150 machine. The BTC-150 has a capacity of 150 liters / time and develop consecutively to KUB-200 which has a capacity of 200 liters / time, with a capacity of 700 liters / day.
Figure 2.3-2 Vehicle Building and Physical Plant Division introduced KU biodiesel production station.
A 12hp. & 5-kw.- farm generator powered by integrated fuels of biogas, synthesized gas and diesel oil
A 100-kw.- farm generator powered by integrated fuels of synthesized gas from a 3-stage and diesel oil gasifier powered by fuel of paddy husk and diesel oil compressed bar charcoal on process of production
3. Biogas production station
Biogas production station of Kasetsart University produced gas from food waste 400 kg. /day and converted into heat energy from a gas tank of 15 cubic meters to use in the canteen.
Poultry manure is put into biogas production dome. The biogas is used for electricity generating system of poultry farm. It is also transformed to fertilizer pellet.
7 tons of pig excrement are processed into 12,000 liters of liquid fertilizer for cultivation. It is used 1.5 liters per rai /crop for 8,000 rai of paddy field and 3.5 liters per 3,400 rai of cassava.
Swine manure is put into digester tunnel to produce biogas for in-farm cooking and herbal sauna.
Dairy cattle manure is put into digester tunnel to produce the biogas for in-farm cooking and pasteurized-milk production.
Cattle manure is put into covered digester pit to produce the biogas for farm electricity. It saves electricity cost of the farm.
4. Usage of wind power
Renewable energy is our main policy, namely: solar energy wind turbine and bio-gas pump engine. A good example is that solar energy is the power source for water planting.
Table 2.4-1 Overall electrical consumption in 2015 – 2017
Table 2.4-2 Electrical consumption of campuses in 2017
Figure 2.4-1 Electrical consumption for library research
Table 2.4-2 Electrical consumption in 2017
1. The design of the building for ventilation and natural light.
Architectural Building, the Faculty of Architecture
Lecture Building of the Faculty of Business Administration (Building 4)
Figure 2.6-1 The interior design of the university emphasize on the ventilation and natural light.
Library in the Park
The Office of the University Library created area between buildings as “Library in the Park” so that students can sit and relax in natural site.
To respond to the “Green Campus” policy, the Office of the University Library renovated 475 square metres of space (which was damaged from mega flood incident in 2011) within the office to be “Library in the Park”- reading area in natural atmosphere and saving energy for student and staff. Moreover, the Office separated space within the Library in the Park as a site of special event such as “Music in the Park” among variety of botanical garden which comprised of 2 species of plant: Acanthaceae and Bignoniaceae.
Figure 2.6-1 (Cont) The interior design of the university emphasize on the ventilation and natural light.
Vajiranusorn Building, Faculty of Agriculture
Agro-industry Research Operation Building: saving energy building ventilates fresh air inside without air-conditioner and uses transparent windows and walls to save electrical energy.
Figure 2.6-1 (Conts.) The interior design of the university emphasizes on the ventilation and natural light.
2. The Faculties/Offices of Kasetsart University appointed a sub-committee on energy management to set a policy and plan of energy conservation approach that follow the university’s overall plan and appointed managers of building who can conduct efficiently the plan. (Figure 4.1-1)
Figure 2.6-2 Energy Conservation Committee
3. The building was rewared which related to the design as the energy consevation building
The design of a new building of the Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaeng Saen received award from the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE). This design passed the Building Energy Code (BEC), standard criteria for efficient energy consumption building evaluation which accredited by DEDE. (Figure 2.6-3)
Figure 2.6-3 Lecture building of the Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaeng Saen
The gallery was not found!Figure 2.6-4 Eco building of the Faculty of Economics
4. KU has a policy on increasing green area inside and outside of the building
Figure 2.6-5 Office of Academic Resources, the Office of Extension and Training Building designed to use natural light.
Figure 2.6-6 The garden inside the building
Figure 2.6-7 Green Building of the Faculty of Economics and a part of the Institute of Food Research an Product Development
Figure 2.6-8 The Faculty of Architecture grew ornamental climbing plants on corridor of the building.
1. Planting trees to absorb carbon dioxide
Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn presided over the opening ceremony of Young Farmer Assembly 2017 at Kamphaeng Saen Campus. In this regard, HRH Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn planted a Pink trumpet tree or Tabebuia rosea as a commemoration. (Fig. 2.7-1)
Figure 2.7-1 HRH Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn planted a Pink trumpet tree or Tabebuia rosea
‘KU Big Cleaning & Planting Day’ is an annual event of the University. It has been organized for 22 years since 1995. For this year, administrator, staff and students joined this event on 2 September 2017 to clean up their offices and together planted trees for better environment of four campuses of the University. (Fig. 2.7-2)
Figure 2.7-2 KU Big Cleaning & Planting Day 2017
Figure 2.7-3 Faculty and students of Kasetsart University In collaboration with students from the National Defence College of Thailand together planted Pink trumpet trees.
Figure 2.7-4 Rice cultivation activities In the area of 15 rai on Mother’s Day 2017 at Kamphaeng Saen Campus.
Figure 2.7-5 The 473 freshmen students
Campus Day Activities in honor of His Majesty King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebaya varangkun on auspicious occasion 65th Birthday Anniversary (planting 4,491 trees on 100 rais) (Fig. 2.7-6)
Figure 2.7-6 Planting activity for 100 rai of trees on the auspicious occasion of 65th Birthday of His Majesty King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun.
2. Activity on biking to reduce emission of co2
Figure 2.7-1 Biking for health
Figure 2.7-2 Biking activity of rice cultivation on Mother’s Day
3. Maintenance of air conditioner for reduction of greenhouse gas emission and energy saving
There are steps of air conditioner checking as follows: air conditioner’s refrigerant checking, high and low pressure checking and keeps the pressures in the standard level, and measure for electrical power consumption of air conditioners by checking of electrical current of compressor. (Fig. 2.7-3)
Figure 2.7-3 Cleaning air conditioner to reduce energy consumption.
4. Using of R-123 or HCFC-123 refrigerant
The R-123 or HCFC-123 refrigerant is a kind of Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC). It is low ozone depletion potential (ODP). R-123 has 0.012 or 1.2% ODP of R-11(CFC-11). It means that R-123 has lowest rate of ODP out of all HCFC. (Fig. 2.7-4 and 2.7-5)
Figure 2.7-4 Non-CFC refrigerant, HCFC – 123 liquid refrigerant.
Figure 2.7-5 Cooling system which save more water.
5. Travel style within the campus to reduce carbon dioxide emission
KU’s staff drive electric golf cart instead of van to participate in many event such as meeting, seminar or others so that to reduce carbon dioxide emission. (Fig. 2.7-6)
Figure 2.7-6 Electric golf cart for travel within the campus.
Campaigns on carpool can save energy run by KU students such as “One car, two people can save energy” and “Helmet wearing save life, save energy by GREEN RANGER”. The campaign rally at flea markets around the campus. (Fig. 2.7-7, 2.7-8 and 2.7-9)
Figure 2.7-7 Campaign rally by KU students to reduce CO2 emission from motorcycle.
Figure 2.7-8 KU students joined a campaign on water and electrical consumption saving to reduce global warming.
Figure 2.7-9 Sticker campaign on switch off the light when not in use, It is electrical energy saving and reduce greenhouse gas emission.
table 2.8-1 Calculation of carbon footprint
The Office of the President, the Office of the University Library and VGREEN, KU of the Faculty of Environment received “Carbon Neutral Man” and “Carbon Neutral” awards from Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization) under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment control (Fig. 2.8-1)
Figure 2.8-1 The Office of the University Library, KU was the very first Carbon Neutral library of Thailand.
Figure 2.8-2 Carbon footprint corner at the Office of the University Library.