2.13 The number of innovative program(s) in Energy and Climate Change

2.13.1 Cover and certificate disinfection measure with “Hot Air Oven for Sanitizing Equipment and UV Light Oven”

Disinfection measures for diplomas

At Kasetsart University Graduation Ceremony, safety was put first, so measures were taken to enhance the safety of the certificate at the graduation ceremony by sterilizing the cover and degree certificate with the 'Hot Air Oven for Sanitizing Equipment and UV Light Oven', which was supported by the Research and Development Institute of Kasetsart University.

Sterilization heat dryers are research and development by Asst. Prof. Dr. Khunyut Iamsaard, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Varataya Thamkittiphop Department of Vocational Education, the Faculty of Education, Kasetsart University, and has registered a patent for an electric heating device. The highlight is that it has a high capacity but is still able to dissipate heat quickly and evenly.

Disinfection is carried out in a room where spraying is disinfected and bacteria are detected by spread plate technique and double-check for the absence of microorganisms and bacteria in accordance with scientific principles, which is carried out with care and prudence, which improves the cleanliness of the cover and certificate, as well as in accordance with the safety and hygiene measures of the graduates and related parties.

From the measures to enhance safety with sterilization dryers and UV dryers at the KU graduation ceremony, it is manifest and builds confidence and is accepted in society.

2.13.2 Energy Saving Sun Panels Prevent Straight Radiation (100%)

Research Energy Saving Sunscreen Panels Prevent Straight Radiation (100%)

An Energy Saving Solar Screen

Research on invention innovation by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sopha Wisitsak and Dr. Natari Sridarayanon, Research Unit, Department of Building Innovation, Faculty of Architecture, Kasetsart University. It has developed the use of natural light in buildings that do not cause problems. In order to obtain good quality natural light into the interior of the building, it is a creative application of theory and design, together with the calculation of the angle of the sun's rays corresponding to the direction of the sun's orbit (resulting in an effective shape to prevent straight rays throughout the year (100%), without the need for mechanical equipment to adjust the sunscreen angle, and with openings where the outside view can be seen at all times. Connect with the outside environment and help foster a positive indoor environment.

Utilization

Sunscreen panels are used to assemble glass, doors, windows, open spaces, or as walls for open spaces such as balconies, terraces, or other areas for sun protection, as well as to replace wrought iron for protection against intrusion. Therefore, it can be applied to a wide variety of buildings and design a variety of beautiful patterns, patterns, colors according to your needs.

Features and characteristics

- It can protect 100% of the sun throughout the year (reduce glare, heat and UV rays.)

- Good quality of light (uniform, soft on the eyes, helping to maintain the health of the eyes and skin of building users)

- Reduce the deterioration of materials, furniture and artwork inside the building.

- Saves energy.

- Convenient for use and maintenance.

- Invention patents from the United States, Japan, and the People's Republic of China.

- Product design patent from Thailand.

- Thailand Invention Innovation Contest Award (National Research Council) International Contests in the Republic of Korea.

2.13.3 Prefabricated air vents for building roofs.

Prefabricated air vents for building roofs.

                 Opening the roof light channel to receive natural light saves the cost of electricity, lighting. The most popular method nowadays is to install transparent or translucent materials to receive direct sunlight or sun rays, which have very high energy, causing problems with bright light, heat, and UV rays that negatively affect the health of the eyes, causing the furniture materials to deteriorate quickly, and wasting the energy of the air conditioner.

                 'Prefabricated vent light channels' were developed to solve such problems. The parts are designed to avoid exposure to straight sun rays. It uses the principle of refraction and reflection of light, coupled with the opening of channels for ventilation by natural means, to increase the efficiency of reducing heat and good indoor ventilation.

 The result of comparing the finished vent light channels with fiberglass roofing sheets in the closed test box.

Based on the prototype comparison test, the finished vent light channels with fiberglass roofing sheets in the test box are closed (at the level of 0 . 8 0 m). It was found that the prototype of the finished vent light channels. It has better indoor lighting consistency, with an average luminosity value (798 CIE Lux) close to the indoor luminosity standard (200-750 Lux), and an average of 10 °C lower internal temperatures than test boxes equipped with fiberglass roofing sheets.

2.13.4 Project for Installing Air Exchange Equipment and Reducing Carbon Dioxide in the Air

Project Concept

Indoor air quality is essential for providing good services to users and maintaining a healthy environment for library personnel working in air-conditioned spaces. Poor air quality is mainly caused by insufficient ventilation. Therefore, the library has decided to improve air quality by installing air exchange equipment to replace the existing exhaust fans. This upgrade aims to lower the temperature of incoming air.

Implementation Principles

1. The air exchange equipment can reduce the temperature by 4-6°C, improving indoor air quality and reducing energy consumption.
2. The project is expected to result in energy savings of 26,824.20 kWh/year, equivalent to savings of 111,932 baht /year.
3. The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is estimated to be 19.49 tons of CO2 equivalent per year.

Project on Development of Thermal Insulation from Natural Rubber Blended with EPDM Rubber for Constructive Industrial Applications

This research aims to prepare insulation rubber foam sheets by mixing natural rubber (NR) with EPDM rubber. From a preliminary study, when increasing the EPDM rubber ratio, it was found that the rubber foam had larger pores with an even distribution throughout the sample. The rubber foam at the NR/EPDM ratio of 50:50 showed the lowest density. However, the obtained NR/EPDM rubber foam has a relatively high shrinkage, which may affect its insulating properties. Therefore, to loosen this, EPDM rubber was replaced with EVA rubber at different NR: EDPM: EVA ratios of 50:40:10, 50:30:20, 50:20:30, and 50:10:40.  The presence of EVA significantly reduced the shrinkage. Rubber Foam at the 50:30:20 ratio had the lowest percentage of compression set and thermal conductivity coefficient. Therefore, this ratio gave the best rubber foam for use as an insulator. When considering the type and amount of foaming agents, EW5, DP, and RC720 at 3, 4, and 5 phr, it was found that for the rubber foam prepared from NR mixed with EPDM and EVA rubber, DP foaming agent at 5 phr is the most suitable. This condition gave rubber foam with the largest pore. The optimum forming condition was 7 minutes at 160°C. When comparing the density and thermal conductivity coefficient between the prepared rubber foam and four types of commercial ceiling boards, it was found that the prepared rubber foam had a density and thermal conductivity coefficient lower than the commercial ceiling board. To reduce the fire ignition, the suitable method was applying Saytex® 8010 flame retardant with the thick layer first and then spraying the mixture of Saytex® 8010 and latex compound on the rubber foam.

Thermal Insulation from Natural Rubber Blended with EPDM Rubber for Ceiling Applications

2.13.4 Photovoltaic pumping and mobile water filtration systems.

Photovoltaic pumping and mobile water filtration systems.

Shallow groundwater management for agriculture and consumption in drought solutions with photovoltaic pumping and mobile water filtration systems. Research by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wirakaset Suanphaka, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University The research can determine the potential for shallow water sources to be found in agricultural areas by applying modern geophysical survey technology to assist in subsurface scanning. Analyze groundwater sources, establish movable photovoltaic pumping systems that are suitable for farmers in each area, save farmers' costs on fuel costs, help manage agricultural water and consumer water appropriately.

Scope of work for the development of pumping and filtration systems, both mobile and permanently installed solar energy in the area of mobile photovoltaic pumping system, moving with wheels, size 2 panels, using 600 watt submers pump system weighing 150 kg, pumping rate 3,000 liters/h (sump depth of 15 m).

This study expands the research, combining geographic information systems and remote sensing knowledge with groundwater surveys by determining where shallow water bodies can be found in agricultural areas before conducting a detailed survey with electromagnetic (EM) scanning through the soil layers and then determining where surface water and groundwater can be found. The potential of groundwater sources in the area varies depending on the terrain and reservoirs.

Conventional energy sources are starting to deplete at an alarming rate. This makes it very difficult to develop sustainable energy in the future. In addition, global warming or climate change caused by human activities and conventional energy system technologies has shown a huge impact on all life on Earth. Kasetsart University therefore aims to invent innovations related to energy systems, which is to improve the energy efficiency of existing systems to save energy. And reduce the size and cost of the system and to develop new systems that have less impact on global warming.

Society and Policies: Kasetsart University has a policy to support and encourage students and teachers to use engineering knowledge. Produce innovations to help society and encouraging people to realize and understand the benefits of applying them in daily life Innovative works developed by a team of students and professor of engineering Kasetsart University It has been well received by the community. The efficiency of innovation has been continuously improved from the advice of the general public.

Green economic recovery: Climate change has affected many unexpected areas. Resulting in seasonal variations. And natural disasters that may cause more violence causing the world's economy to be damaged by natural disasters, Kasetsart University has recognized the importance of the problem of global environmental change. Therefore, it focuses on supporting continuous innovation. To be a guideline for developing and solving sustainable environmental problems in the future.

Tachnological chang: Kasetsart University is part of solving climate change problem. Has developed innovation and technology in various fields. To cope with the changing climate which technological innovation is the key that will drive the university pursuing the goal of developing users' skills to cope with everyday social changes.

Sustainable development: Community energy and sustainable development the use of energy in the community is something that is nearby. In everyday life, if there is good energy management by using it efficiently, economically, it can be extended to create a career, generate income, and protect the environment. Lead to a well-being it is a development that goes hand in hand with preserving resources for future generations to use.

"The Way Forward" in the context of innovation related to climate change within universities refers to the development and implementation of new technologies and concepts aimed at reducing environmental impacts on campus. The goal is to become a sustainable university that plays a significant role in combating climate change. These innovations enhance resilience and sustainability while inspiring students and staff to participate in this effort.

Innovative Approaches in Universities for Climate Change Management:

Clean Energy Innovation Universities can develop clean energy systems on campus, such as installing solar panels on building rooftops, generating wind energy, or using biomass energy. These technologies help reduce reliance on fossil fuels and demonstrate sustainable energy use.

Smart Buildings and Energy Management Implementing smart building technologies that control energy use, such as lighting systems that adjust to natural light or automatic air conditioning systems that respond to the number of occupants in a room. Energy sensors can also be used to reduce unnecessary energy consumption during off-peak times.

Energy Storage Innovation Developing efficient energy storage systems, such as batteries that store energy from solar panels or wind turbines for use when energy production is insufficient, or using hydrogen energy as a potential clean energy source for the future.

Low-Carbon Technology Research and Development Promoting research related to the development of low-carbon technologies, such as electric vehicles on campus, low-carbon materials, or manufacturing processes that reduce carbon emissions in the industrial sector.

Smart Water Management Systems Developing intelligent water management systems within universities, such as installing water sensors and recycling systems that reduce water use in restrooms and green spaces. Rainwater harvesting systems can also be created for campus use.

Waste Innovation Developing smart waste management projects using technology to separate and recycle waste, such as automatic waste-sorting bins, organic waste management systems for producing compost or biomass energy, and using applications to promote waste reduction and recycling on campus.

Big Data and AI for Climate Forecasting: 

Universities can become centers for the development of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze and forecast climate change impacts. This technology allows for proactive disaster risk management, such as flood, storm, or other environmental changes.

Smart Agriculture Innovations   Researching and developing sustainable agricultural methods, such as using drones and sensors to monitor soil and crops, automatic irrigation systems, and crop rotation. These methods reduce water and chemical fertilizer use, and universities can develop on-campus agricultural areas as models of sustainable agriculture.

Sustainability in Education Initiatives Universities should create courses or curricula focused on sustainability innovation, such as conducting workshops on carbon reduction projects, developing clean energy technologies, or planning sustainable cities to prepare students for future leadership roles.

Circular Economy and Sustainable Resource Use  Promoting circular economy projects on campus, such as using recycled materials in construction, developing reusable products, and efficient waste management. This includes designing products and manufacturing processes that minimize natural resource use.

Conclusion

These innovations demonstrate how universities can create positive change to address climate change. "The Way Forward" involves using campuses as models for developing sustainable innovations in education, research, and practice while raising awareness of environmental conservation.

Remark: All activities in 2.13 refer to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), otherwise known as the global goals, especially relating to Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Reduce by one third premature mortality from non- communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being.